RT Book, Section
A1 Murphy, Janet E.
A1 Zhu, Andrew X.
A2 Chabner, Bruce A.
A2 Longo, Dan L.
SR Print(0)
ID 1127648878
T1 Hepatocellular Carcinoma
T2 Harrison's Manual of Oncology, 2e
YR 2016
FD 2016
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071793254
LK hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1127648878
RD 2024/04/19
AB Hepatocellular  carcinoma  (HCC)  is  the  most  common  primary  liver  cancer  accounting  for  90%  of  all  liver  malignancies  and  has  become  the  fastest-rising  cause  of  cancer-related  deaths  in  the  United  States.  Worldwide,  HCC  is  the  sixth  most  common  cancer  and  the  third  most  common  cause  of  cancer-related  deaths  (1).  In  the  United  States,  28,720  new  cancers  of  the  liver  and  intrahepatic  bile  duct  are  expected  in  2012,  with  an  estimated  20,550  deaths  (2).  In  the  United  States,  the  incidence  of  HCC  has  tripled  while  the  5-year  survival  rate  has  remained  below  12%  during  the  past  two  decades  (3).  Treatment  outcomes  are  dependent  on  the  clinical  stage  at  diagnosis.  While  patients  with  early  stage  HCC  can  be  cured  by  surgical  resection  or  liver  transplantation,  advanced  HCC  carries  a  poor  prognosis  with  a  median  survival  of  less  than  1  year.