Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) Autoimmune, with antibodies against ADAMTS13 Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (Upshaw-Schulman Syndrome) Inherited ADAMTS13 deficiency, with mutations in ADAMTS13 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (STEC-HUS) Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS) Alternative complement pathway defects Diacylglycerol kinase ε (DGKE) defects Secondary Thrombotic Microangiopathy Disseminated intravascular coagulation Infections (viral, bacterial, fungal) Streptococcus pneumoniae Tissue transplant-associated Chemotherapy or radiation injury Tissue rejection Graft-versus-host disease Cancer Pregnancy associated (preeclampsia, eclampsia, HELLP [hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count] syndrome) Autoimmune disorders Systemic lupus erythematosus and other vasculitides Antiphospholipid syndrome Drugs (commonly implicated) Immune (quinine, ticlopidine) Toxic (cyclosporine, tacrolimus, mitomycin C, gemcitabine) Cobalamin metabolic defects Malignant hypertension Mechanical hemolysis (eg, malfunctioning aortic or mitral valve prosthesis) |