ABC | Activated B cell |
ABL | Abelson murine leukaemia viral oncogene homologue 1 |
AFP | Alpha-fetoprotein |
AGO | Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie [German Gynaecological Oncology Working Group] |
Akt | Protein kinase B |
ALK | Anaplastic lymphoma kinase |
ALL | Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia |
ASCT | Autologous stem cell transplant |
ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
BCL | B cell lymphoma protein |
BCR | Breakpoint cluster region |
BEP | Bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin |
BiTE | Bi-specific T cell engager |
BRAF | Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf |
BSO | Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy |
BTK | Bruton's tyrosine kinase |
CA9 | Carbonic anhydrase 9 |
CD | Cluster of differentiation |
CDF | Cancer Drugs Fund |
CEA | Carcinoembryonic antigen |
CK-7 | Cytokeratin 7 |
CMI | Caris Molecular Intelligence |
CODOX-M | Cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, methotrexate |
CPET | Cardiopulmonary exercise test |
CRAF | RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase C-Raf |
CRP | C-reactive protein |
CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid |
CSG | Cancer susceptibility gene |
ctDNA | Circulating tumour DNA |
CTLA-4 | Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 |
CXCL12 | C-X-C motif chemokine 12 |
CYP | Cytochrome P450 |
DCIS | Ductal carcinoma in situ |
DEC | Diagnostic Evidence Co-operative |
DLBCL | Diffuse large B cell lymphoma |
DOG-1 | Discovered on GIST-1 |
DRE | Digital rectal examination |
ECX | Epirubicin, cisplatin, capecitabine |
EFS | Event-free survival |
EGFR | Epidermal growth factor receptor |
ELF | Enhanced Liver Fibrosis |
EPOCH-R | Rituximab, etoposide, prednisolone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin |
ER | Oestrogen receptor |
ERK | Extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
EZH2 | Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 |
FDG | Fluorodeoxyglucose |
FFPE | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded |
FISH | Fluorescence in situ hybridization |
FOLFIRI | Fluorouracil, folinic acid, irinotecan |
FOLFOX | Fluorouracil, folinic acid, oxaliplatin |
5-FU | Fluorouracil |
GCB | Germinal centre B cell |
GERCOR | Groupe Coopérateur Multidisciplinaire en Oncologie |
GIST | Gastrointestinal stromal tumour |
GOJ | Gastro-oesophageal junction |
GWAS | Genome-wide association study |
hCG | Human chorionic gonadotrophin |
HER2 | Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 |
HGBL | High-grade B cell lymphoma |
HGSOC | High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma |
HIF | Hypoxia-inducible factor |
HNPCC | Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer |
HPF | High-powered field |
HPV | Human papillomavirus |
IAP | Immunosuppressive acidic protein |
IGF-1R | Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor |
IGFBP | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein |
IgG | Immunoglobulin G |
IPI | International Prognostic Index |
IRS | Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group |
ISH | In situ hybridization |
ISS | International Staging System |
IVA | Ifosfamide, vincristine, dactinomycin |
IVAC | Ifosfamide, etoposide, cytarabine |
IVD | In vitro diagnostics |
JAK2 | Janus kinase 2 |
KIM-1 | Kidney injury molecule-1 |
KRAS | KRAS proto-oncogene |
LDH | Lactate dehydrogenase |
LFS | Li-Fraumeni syndrome |
LS | Lynch syndrome |
MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
MDT | Multidisciplinary team |
MEK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase |
miRNA | MicroRNA |
MLH | MutL protein homologue |
MMP | Matrix metalloproteinase |
MMR | Mismatch repair |
mRCC | Metastatic renal cell carcinoma |
MRD | Minimal residual disease |
MSH | MutS protein homologue |
MSI | Microsatellite instability |
mTOR | Mechanistic target of rapamycin |
NAC | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy |
NACRT | Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy |
NCI | National Cancer Institute |
NFκB | Nuclear factor kappa B |
NGS | Next generation sequencing |
NIHR | National Institute for Health Research |
NLR | Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing receptor |
NMP | Nuclear matrix protein |
NOS | Not otherwise specified |
NRAS | NRAS proto-oncogene |
NSCLC | Non-small-cell lung carcinoma |
NSTGCT | Non-seminomatous testicular germ cell tumour |
NT-proBNP | N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide |
OPSCC | Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma |
OS | Overall survival |
p53 | Tumour protein p53 |
PARP | Poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase |
pCR | Pathological complete response |
PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
PD-1 | Programmed cell death protein 1 |
PDGF | Platelet-derived growth factor |
PDGFR | Platelet-derived growth factor receptor |
PD-L1 | Programmed death-ligand 1 |
PFS | Progression-free survival |
PI3K | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase |
PI3KCA | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha |
PKC | Protein kinase C |
PMBL | Primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma |
PMS2 | Postmeiotic segregation 1 homologue 2 |
POG | Personalized Oncogenomics |
PR | Progesterone receptor |
PS | Performance status |
PSA | Prostate-specific antigen |
PTEN | Phosphatase and tensin homologue |
QALY | Quality-adjusted life year |
QOL | Quality of life |
QTc | Corrected QT interval |
RAF | Rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma |
RAS | Rat sarcoma |
RCC | Renal cell carcinoma |
R-CHOP | Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone |
R-CODOX-M | Cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, methotrexate, cytarabine, rituximab |
RCT | Randomized controlled trial |
RFS | Recurrence-free survival |
R-IPI | Revised International Prognostic Index |
R-IVAC | Rituximab, ifosfamide, etoposide, cytarabine |
RTK | Receptor tyrosine kinase |
SAA | Serum amyloid A |
SCC | Squamous cell carcinoma |
SHH | Sonic hedgehog |
SLAMF7 | Signalling lymphocytic activation molecule F7 |
SNP | Single nucleotide polymorphism |
STAT3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
SYK | Spleen tyrosine kinase |
TB | Tuberculosis |
TdT | Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase |
TGCT | Testicular germ cell tumour |
TGF | Transforming growth factor |
TKI | Tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
TNF | Tumour necrosis factor |
TNT | Triple-negative tumour |
TTF-1 | Thyroid transcription factor 1 |
VAF | Variant allele frequency |
VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
VEGFR | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor |
VHL | von Hippel-Lindau |
VUS | Variant of unknown significance |
Wnt | Wingless/Int-1 |