TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Oncologic Emergencies A1 - Pichun, Mauricio Burotto A1 - Fojo, Tito A2 - Boyiadzis, Michael M. A2 - Frame, James N. A2 - Kohler, David R. A2 - Fojo, Tito PY - 2016 T2 - Hematology-Oncology Therapy, 2e AB - EtiologyTable Graphic Jump Location|Download (.pdf)|PrintEtiologyLifetime incidence of SCC in cancer patients:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,361–6%Median overall survival of patients with SCC:3–16 monthsSCC as the initial manifestation of cancer:20–30% of all cases of SCCSCC as the initial manifestation of cancer:Lung cancerCancer of unknown primaryNon-Hodgkin lymphomaMultiple myelomaSCC distribution along spine: Thoracic spine: Lumbar spine: Cervical spine:60–80%15–30%4–13%Sites of InvolvementPercentage of SCCHistology (% Among All Cases)Extradural metastases:✫90–95Prostate cancer (15–20%)Breast cancer (15–20%)Lung cancer (15–20%)Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (5–10%)Multiple myeloma (5–10%)Renal cancer (5–10%)Intradural masses:5–10MeningiomaNerve sheath tumorsLarge leptomeningeal metastasesTransforaminal progression of paravertebral tumor:UncommonLymphomasNeuroblastomasPrimary hematogenous seeding to epidural space:Rare ✫The most common mechanisms are: Direct extension into the epidural space of a hematogenous metastasis to a vertebral bodyPathologic fracture of a vertebral body infiltrated by a metastatic deposit resulting in cord injury by a bone fragment or spinal instability SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1128367700 ER -