TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Non-colorectal, Non-neuroendocrine Liver Metastases
A1  - Worni, Mathias
A1  - Clary, Bryan M.
A2  - Morita, Shane Y.
A2  - Balch, Charles M.
A2  - Klimberg, V. Suzanne
A2  - Pawlik, Timothy M.
A2  - Posner, Mitchell C.
A2  - Tanabe, Kenneth K.
Y1  - 2018
N1  - 
T2  - Textbook of Complex General Surgical Oncology
AB  - The  liver  is  one  of  the  most  common  sites  of  metastatic  involvement  for  not  only  gastrointestinal  malignancies,  but  also  for  a  broad  spectrum  of  cancers.  While  for  gastrointestinal  malignancies  the  pattern  of  blood  flow  via  the  splanchnic  system  seems  an  obvious  explanation,  many  other  malignancies  (ocular  melanoma  and  medullary  thyroid  carcinoma  as  examples)  must  offer  other  explanations  likely  revolving  around  the  unique  environment  present  with  the  liver.  Local  interventions  including  partial  hepatectomy  have  been  advocated  for  cancers  whose  dominant  site  of  metastasis  involves  the  liver,  including  colorectal  cancer  and  gastrointestinal  neuroendocrine  cancers.  Early  experiences  in  partial  hepatectomy  and  other  local  interventions  for  metastatic  colorectal  cancer  defied  commonly  held  (and  largely  accurate)  perceptions  that  as  a  systemic  matter  cure  would  be  unlikely.  Although  randomized  trials  comparing  resection  to  observation  or  systemic  therapy  alone  do  not  exist,  large  experiences  have  contributed  to  a  general  acceptance  of  the  role  for  local  hepatic  treatments  in  metastatic  colorectal  cancer  when  confined  to  the  liver  or  even  in  the  presence  of  controlled,  minimal  volume  at  extrahepatic  sites.  This  argument  is  supported  by  the  positive  5-year  survival  rates  after  resection  of  colorectal  liver  metastases  that  is  reaching  40%  to  71%.1-5  Local  treatments  for  hepatic  metastases  are  also  generally  accepted  in  patients  with  gastrointestinal  neuroendocrine  malignancies,  given  the  fact  that  hepatic  dominant  pattern  is  present  in  many  patients  and  that  uncontrolled  hepatic  tumor  burdens  are  often  the  cause  of  ultimate  demise  in  these  otherwise  “indolent”  or  slowly  progressing  malignancies.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1145764114
ER  -