TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Germ Cell Tumors
A1  - Moore, Joseph A.
A1  - Tu, Shi-Ming
A2  - Kantarjian, Hagop M.
A2  - Wolff, Robert A.
A2  - Rieber, Alyssa G.
Y1  - 2022
N1  - 
T2  - The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology, 4e
AB  - KEY  CONCEPTSGerm  cell  tumors  (GCTs)  are  the  most  common  new  cancer  diagnosis  in  young  men  and  are  divided  into  two  types,  seminoma  and  nonseminoma  germ  cell  tumors  (NSGCTs).In  a  young  man  without  obvious  testicular  primary  or  unknown  primary  tumor,  serum  tumor  markers,  specifically  human  chorionic  gonadotropinβ-,  α-fetoprotein  (AFP),  and  cytogenetic  study,  namely  i(12p),  have  unique  diagnostic  and  prognostic  significance  in  GCTs.GCTs  follow  a  distinct  pattern  of  spread  and  metastasis—the  right  testicle  drains  to  the  interaortocaval  lymph  nodes,  and  the  left  testicle  drains  to  the  left  paraaortic  lymph  nodes.Approximately  half  of  testicular  GCTs  show  histologic  elements  other  than  seminoma  or  produce  serum  elevation  of  AFP  indicating  nonseminoma.  These  cancers  are  collectively  known  as  mixed  NSGCTs,  and  they  form  a  group  of  histologically  and  clinically  diverse  cancers.Optimal  management  of  patients  with  high-risk  or  mixed  NSGCTs  requires  a  multidisciplinary  approach,  integrating  chemotherapy  and  surgery,  to  achieve  the  highest  cure  rates.Patients  who  pose  a  unique  diagnostic  or  therapeutic  challenge  should  be  considered  for  early  referral  to  a  large  tertiary  care  center.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1190838034
ER  -