TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - BLADDER AND RENAL CELL CARCINOMAS A1 - Scher, Howard I. A1 - Motzer, Robert J. A2 - Longo, Dan L. PY - 2013 T2 - Harrison's Hematology and Oncology, 2e AB - A transitional cell epithelium lines the urinary tract from the renal pelvis to the ureter, urinary bladder, and the proximal two-thirds of the urethra. Cancers can occur at any point: 90% of malignancies develop in the bladder, 8% in the renal pelvis, and the remaining 2% in the ureter or urethra. Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and the thirteenth in women; an estimated 70,530 new cases and 14,680 deaths in the United States were predicted for the year 2010. The almost 5:1 ratio of incidence to mortality reflects the higher frequency of the less lethal superficial variants compared with the more lethal invasive and metastatic variants. The incidence is three times higher in men than in women and twofold higher in whites than blacks, with a median age at diagnosis of 65 years. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1128357337 ER -