TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections: Management and Prevention A1 - O'Grady, Naomi P. A2 - Boyiadzis, Michael M. A2 - Frame, James N. A2 - Kohler, David R. A2 - Fojo, Tito PY - 2016 T2 - Hematology-Oncology Therapy, 2e AB - Epidemiology and MicrobiologyTable Graphic Jump Location|Download (.pdf)|PrintEpidemiology and MicrobiologyMost Common Organisms1OrganismFrequencyAntimicrobial ResistanceCoagulase-negative staphylococci31% Enterococci9%Dramatic rise in enterococcal isolates resistant to vancomycin—from 0.5% in 1989 to 25.9% in 1999Staphylococcus aureus20%>50% of all S. aureus nosocomial isolates are oxacillin resistant1Gram-negative bacilli20%Increasing prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae with extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and carbapenemase-producing organisms particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae. Such organisms may be resistant to many commonly used cephalosporins and carbapenemsCandida infections Growing resistance of Candida albicans to antifungals; 50% of Candida bloodstream infections are caused by non-albicans species including Candida glabrata and Candida krusei, which are more likely than C. albicans to demonstrate resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole. Resistance to voriconazole has not been reported thus far, although continued surveillance is need SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1128367729 ER -