RT Book, Section A1 Balentine, Courtney A1 Sippel, Rebecca S. A1 Chen, Herbert A1 Schneider, David F. A2 Morita, Shane Y. A2 Balch, Charles M. A2 Klimberg, V. Suzanne A2 Pawlik, Timothy M. A2 Posner, Mitchell C. A2 Tanabe, Kenneth K. SR Print(0) ID 1145758007 T1 Pheochromocytoma T2 Textbook of Complex General Surgical Oncology YR 2018 FD 2018 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071793315 LK hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1145758007 RD 2024/10/06 AB Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) arise from chromafin cells originating in the neural crest, and can develop in any location containing sympathetic or parasympathetic tissue. Although the terminology is not completely standardized, PCC typically refers to tumors of adrenal origin while PGL describes lesions found outside the adrenal gland. While most PCC and PGL are benign, malignant disease does occur and is distinguished by behavior such as metastasis and invasion into other structures. Identifying benign disease with potential to become malignant is exceedingly difficult as there is currently no reliable gene signature or histologic feature that clearly identifies malignancy. Even more importantly, metastasis can occur 15 to 20 years after resection of apparently benign disease, and this makes it difficult to accurately study PCC and predict malignancy.