RT Book, Section A1 Lurain, Kathryn A1 Yarchoan, Robert A1 Uldrick, Thomas S. A2 Boyiadzis, Michael M. A2 Fojo, Tito SR Print(0) ID 1187882467 T1 HIV-Related Malignancies T2 Hematology-Oncology Therapy, 3e YR 2022 FD 2022 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260117400 LK hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1187882467 RD 2024/03/29 AB HIV increases the risk of several cancers, including Kaposi sarcoma, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, classical Hodgkin lymphoma, HPV-associated cancers (eg, cervical, anal), lung cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer. As people with HIV are aging, incidental cancers also occur in this patient population. Oncologists should be aware of the principles of treating cancer in people living with HIV. Treating these patients requires a multidisciplinary approach that takes into account potential drug-drug interactions and appropriate supportive care. Antiretroviral therapy is almost always indicated, and prophylaxis against opportunistic infections is sometimes required. In general, cancers in people living with HIV should be treated in the same manner as HIV-negative patients, and HIV alone should not be used as a reason to offer less aggressive cancer therapy. Treatments for Kaposi sarcoma, Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus-associated multicentric Castleman disease, and HIV-related lymphomas are discussed in detail in this chapter. ART is an essential part of the treatment of HIV, regardless of CD4+ T cell count, to reduce the morbidity and mortality of HIV infection. ART may be sufficient in treating many cases of HIV-KS. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral therapy can be found at www.aidsinfo.nih.gov (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services).