RT Book, Section A1 Ryan, Daniel H. A2 Kaushansky, Kenneth A2 Lichtman, Marshall A. A2 Prchal, Josef T. A2 Levi, Marcel M. A2 Press, Oliver W. A2 Burns, Linda J. A2 Caligiuri, Michael SR Print(0) ID 1121088393 T1 Examination of the Marrow T2 Williams Hematology, 9e YR 2015 FD 2015 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071833004 LK hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1121088393 RD 2024/10/03 AB SUMMARYMicroscopic examination of the marrow is a mainstay of hematologic diagnosis. Even with the advent of specialized biochemical and molecular assays that capitalize on advances in our understanding of the cell biology of hematopoiesis, the primary diagnosis of hematologic malignancies and many nonneoplastic hematologic disorders relies upon examination of the cells in the marrow. An aspirate and biopsy of the marrow can be obtained with minimal risk and only minor discomfort and are quickly and easily processed for examination. The marrow should be examined when the clinical history, blood cell counts, blood film, or laboratory test results suggest the possibility of a primary or secondary hematologic disorder for which morphologic analysis or special studies of the marrow would aid in the diagnosis. Leukopenia or thrombocytopenia may require a marrow examination for diagnosis. Nonhemolytic anemia that is not readily diagnosed by blood cell examination and supporting laboratory tests often requires a marrow examination. Abnormal cells in the blood, such as nucleated red cells, white cell precursors, abnormal lymphocytes not explained by concurrent infection, and blast cells, usually require a marrow examination. In addition to determining the cellularity and morphology of precursor cells, or infiltration by nonhematopoietic cells, the study provides marrow cells for immunophenotyping, cytogenetic, molecular and genomic studies, culture of infectious organisms, and storage of marrow cells for further analysis.